| | 1 | Name: | Dr. Stanislas Dehaene | | | Institution: | Collège de France | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1965 | | | | | | |
Stanislas Dehaene was initially trained in mathematics, at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (1984), before receiving his PhD in cognitive psychology at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (1989), under the direction of psycholinguist Jacques Mehler. He simultaneously developed neuronal models of cognitive functions with molecular neurobiologist Jean-Pierre Changeux (1987-present). After a post-doctoral stay with Michael Posner at the University of Oregon, he oriented his research towards the cognitive neuroscience of language and mathematical abilities. His experiments use brain imaging methods to investigate the mechanisms of cognitive functions such as reading, calculation and language processing, with a particular interest for the differences between conscious and non-conscious processing. Since 2005, he teaches at the Collège de France, where he holds the chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology. He also directs the INSERM-CEA Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit at NeuroSpin in Saclay, just south of Paris -- France’s advanced neuroimaging research center. | |
| 2 | Name: | Dr. Avinash K. Dixit | | | Institution: | Princeton University | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Avinash Dixit is the John J. F. Sherrerd ’52 University Professor of Economics at Princeton University. He is also Distinguished Adjunct Professor of Economics at Lingnan University, Hong Kong, and a Senior Research Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford. His research interests have included microeconomic theory, game theory, international trade, industrial organization, growth and development theories, public economics, political economy, and the new institutional economics. His book publications include Theory of International Trade (with Victor Norman), The Art of Strategy (with Barry Nalebuff), Investment Under Uncertainty (with Robert Pindyck), Games of Strategy (with Susan Skeath), Lawlessness and Economics: Alternative Modes of Governance, and The Making of Economic Policy: A Transaction Cost Politics Perspective. He has also published numerous articles in professional journals and collective volumes. He was President of the Econometric Society in 2001, and of the American Economic Association in 2008. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992, the National Academy of Sciences in 2005, and the American Philosophical Society in 2010, and was elected a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy in 2006.
Dixit was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1944, and is a naturalized U.S. citizen. He was educated at St. Xavier’s College (Bombay), Corpus Christi College (Cambridge) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was an assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, a fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and professor at the University of Warwick, before joining Princeton in 1981. He has held visiting professorships at MIT, and visiting scholar positions at the International Monetary Fund, the London School of Economics, the Institute for International Economic Studies (Stockholm), and the Russell Sage Foundation. | |
| 3 | Name: | Dr. Elissa L. Newport | | | Institution: | Georgetown University | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1947 | | | | | | |
Elissa Newport became the Director of the new Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, and Professor of Neurology, at Georgetown University in July 2012. She had been the George Eastman Professor of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and of Psychology at the University of Rochester since 1995. She began teaching at the University of California, San Diego, in 1974. She moved to the University of Illinois in 1979, then joined the University of Rochester faculty as Professor of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and of Psychology in 1988. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1975. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2010.
Elissa Newport has defined the modern approach to language learning with creative empirical research, insightful theory and computational analysis and modeling. She has led the way in identifying the critical importance of statistical learning (learning by combining individually ambiguous evidence across separate events) and has shown how within and cross-modality statistical learning can produce language learning in infants, children, deaf individuals and adults. Her research has also explored the stages of language learning and shown the importance of sensitive periods. Her influential "less is more" computational model assigns the advantage of younger over older learners to age related differences in data acquisition and categorization. Her best known research has demonstrated how infants (and adults) can use statistical information to segment speech units from continuous sound streams and combine these into words and phrases. She was awarded the Association of Psychological Science's William James Lifetime Achievement Award for Basic Research in 2013. | |
| 4 | Name: | Dr. Mary Beth Norton | | | Institution: | Cornell University | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1943 | | | | | | |
Mary Beth Norton is the Mary Donlon Alger Professor of American History at Cornell University, where she is also Stephen H. Weiss Presidential Fellow (recognizing excellence in undergraduate teaching). In 2005-06, she was Pitt Professor of American History at the University of Cambridge. She has written The British-Americans (1972), which as a dissertation won the Allan Nevins Prize of the Society of American Historians; Liberty’s Daughters (1980, 1996), co-winner of the Berkshire Conference Prize for the best book by a woman historian; Founding Mothers & Fathers (1996), a finalist for the 1997 Pulitzer Prize in history; In the Devil’s Snare (2002), winner of the Ambassador Book Award in American Studies from the English-Speaking Union and a finalist for the L.A. Times book award in History; and Separated by their Sex (2011). She is the author, with five others, of A People and A Nation, appearing in its 9th edition in 2011, which has been one of the leading U.S. history textbooks since its initial publication in 1982. Active in professional associations, she has received four honorary degrees and has held fellowships from the Rockefeller, Guggenheim, Mellon, and Starr Foundations, as well as from Princeton University and the Huntington Library. In 1999 she was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She has been elected to serve in 2017 as the president-elect of the AHA and will serve as president in 2018. | |
| 5 | Name: | Professor Geoffrey R. Stone | | | Institution: | University of Chicago Law School | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1946 | | | | | | |
Geoffrey R. Stone is the Edward H. Levi Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago. A member of the law faculty since 1973, Mr. Stone served as dean of the Law School (1987-1994) and Provost of the University of Chicago (1994-2002). After graduating from the University of Chicago Law School in 1971, Mr. Stone served as a law clerk to Justice William J. Brennan Jr. of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Mr. Stone has been an editor of the Supreme Court Review since 1991, and is the author or co-author of many books on constitutional law, including Top Secret: When Our Government Keeps Us in the Dark (2007), War and Liberty: An American Dilemma (2007), Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime (2004), Eternally Vigilant: Free Speech in the Modern Era (Chicago 2002), and Sex and the Constitution (2017). Perilous Times received eight national book awards, including the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Book Award and the L.A. times Book Prize for History. His most recent book, Democracy and Equality: The Enduring Constitutional Vision of the Warren Court, was published January 2020.
Mr. Stone is currently chief editor of a twenty-volume series, Inalienable Rights, which is being published by the Oxford University Press. Mr. Stone’s next major book, Sexing the Constitution, will explore the history of sex from ancient Greece to contemporary constitutional law. Mr. Stone is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the national Board of Directors of the American Constitution Society, a member of the national Advisory Council of the American Civil Liberties Union, and a member of of the board of the Chicago Children’s Choir. | |
| 6 | Name: | Professor Cass R. Sunstein | | | Institution: | Harvard Law School | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1954 | | | | | | |
Cass Sunstein returned to Harvard Law School as the Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law in September 2012 after taking a leave to serve for two years in the Obama administration as Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. He was named University Professor in February 2013. Sunstein is the most prolific, versatile, and widely cited legal scholar of his generation. His extensive work on administrative law has been profoundly influential, helping to bring insights from cognitive science and behavioral economics to bear on problems of risk analysis and regulation. He has also been among the most influential scholars of constitutional law, developing the insights of civic republicanism and legal realism to show that claims of individual liberty are often better understood as problems of public distribution or social entitlement. Sunstein has written eloquently of the importance of democratic debate and deliberation, and the need to avoid tendencies toward extreme or polarized thought in settings as diverse as juries, appellate panels, and readership on the Internet. A frequent contributor of public legal commentary in venues like the New Republic, Sunstein is well-known for his ability to bring exceptional clarity to complex legal topics, and to integrate legal thought with the latest developments in social science. He is the author of: The Partial Constitution, (1993); Legal Reasoning and Political Conflict, (1996); (S. Breyer, et al) Administrative Law and Regulatory Policy, (1999); (R. Epstein) The Vote: Bush, Gore & the Supreme Court, (2001); The Cost-Benefit State, (2002); Why Societies Need Dissent, (2003); The Second Bill of Rights: Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Unfinished Revolution and Why We Need It More Than Ever, (2006); Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge, (2006); Going to Extremes: How Like Minds Unite and Divide, (2009); On Rumors: How Falsehoods Spread, Why We Believe Them, What Can Be Done, (2009); Simpler: The Future of Government (2013), #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media (2017), Impeachment: A Citizen's Guide (2018), and Too Much Information: Understanding What You Don’t Want to Know (2020). He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 2010. He won the Society's Henry M. Phillips Prize in 2007 in recognition of his intellectual leadership in Constitutional Law and Political Science, including in particular his profound research and writing demonstrating the complex interplay between jurisprudential constructs and the day by day resolution of legal conflicts. He was also named as a 2018 recipient of the Holberg Prize. | |
| 7 | Name: | Mr. Laurence H. Tribe | | | Institution: | Harvard Law School | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1941 | | | | | | |
Laurence H. Tribe is known both nationally and globally as one of the nation's greatest scholars of constitutional law. His groundbreaking 1978 treatise American Constitutional Law combined historical material with highly original contemporary doctrinal insight, making our nation's constitutional jurisprudence elegantly accessible not only to American students and practitioners but also to the drafters of new constitutions in South Africa and Eastern Europe. The treatise has been so often cited that Harvard Law Dean Erwin Griswold once commented, "It may well be that no book, and no lawyer not a member of the Court, has ever had a greater influence on the development of American constitutional law." An extraordinarily popular teacher of large constitutional law classes at Harvard, Tribe has also published numerous law review articles on virtually every aspect of American constitutional law. His early training as a mathematician has inclined him to reject consequentialist constitutional theories in favor of "structural," "constitutive," and "relational" inferences from the Constitution's internal architecture. Tribe's career has also encompassed dazzling advocacy before the U.S. Supreme Court, a deep commitment to civil rights and civil liberties, and frequent testimony before Congress. He currently serves as Senior Counselor for Access to Justice at the U. S. Department of Justice as well as Carl M. Loeb University Professor (on leave) at Harvard Law School. He received his J.D. in 1966 from Harvard Law School. Other works he has authored include: Channeling Technology Through Law (1973); The American Presidency: Its Constitutional Structure (1974); The Supreme Court: Trends and Developments (1979); God Save This Honorable Court: How the Choice of Supreme Court Justices Shapes Our History (1985); Abortion: The Clash of Absolutes (1990); The Invisible Constitution (2008); with Joshua Matz, Uncertain Justice (2014); and To End a Presidency [2018]. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2010 and has won the Society's 2013 Henry M. Phillips Prize in recognition of his contributions to understanding the United States Constitution and the role of the Supreme Court in its interpretation and its 2018 Henry Allen Moe Prize in recognition of his paper "Reflections on the 'Natural Born Citizen' Clause as Illuminated by the Cruz Candidacy" presented at the Society’s 2016 April Meeting and printed in the June 2017 Proceedings. | |
| |